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Water is an essential nutrient for humans and animals. Clear and fresh water for humans and animals is getting a challenge more and more, and water quality and quantity concerns are becoming more important across the world. Water is required for the regulation of body temperature, as well as for...
Vitamins in ruminant feeding
While all the different vitamins are essential for all livestock, under most conditions only vitamin A needs to be given attention in ruminant feeding. ss-carotene and/or Vit A can be stored in the liver and body tissues during periods of high intake and used during...
Minerals are required in small amounts but are important components of the ration. They are essential for cows to remain healthy and for the body to function properly, for the development and maintenance of strong bones and for successful reproduction and production of milk and eggs.
Minerals...
The primary microminerals of most concern are zinc, copper, cobalt and selenium. Trace mineral salt is usually added at 0.5 percent of the diet to provide most supplemental trace mineral needs
Iron: Necessary for blood and some enzyme formation. The precise minimum requirements have not been...
Animals require more of the macro-minerals (Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine, Sulphur) than the micro-minerals (Iodine, Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Manganese, Molybdenum, Zinc, Selenium). If animals do not consume enough of the macro-minerals, this will cause reduced...
Energy is the fuel that keeps all body functions working. Milk production requires a lot of energy. If energy in the ration is not enough, the animal will lose body condition and for milking cows, milk yield will drop, pregnant cows become ill after calving and the calf will usually be small in...
Inadequate nutrition is a major cause of low live-weight gains, infertility and low milk yields and other health issues in animals.
The following will explain the principles of animal nutrition and some examples of how to make home feed rations based on the types of feed available in major agro...
Despite good care, animals sometimes get sick and diseased.
In organic farming, they should be treated with care, and supported to regain balance. This means, that disease is not only treated in terms of targeting the disease and e.g. eliminate bacteria. Disease is handled by supporting the...
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Embryo Transfer Technology (ETT) can make dairy farming highly profitable by an exponential increase in cattle milk productivity. Through ETT, it is possible to achieve milk yield between 13 to 16 liters per day for Indian breeds like Gir and Sahiwal. Interestingly, this innovative technology is...
Profitable Dairy Farming
Information is the main input for decision making. Good decisions require quality information in terms of content, credibility and timeliness. We usually value physical inputs although information is more valuable than any other input. Due to lack of proper information...
Introduction
Rumen is well recognized as an essential fermentation vat that is capable of preparing end-products particularly volatile fatty acids and microbial proteins as major energy and protein for the host animal. The more efficient the rumen is, the better the fermentation end-products...
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) was first identified in 1929 in Zambia after which it became endemic in many African countries. Of late the disease has been recorded and confirmed even in India.
Causes of Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle
The disease is caused by a viral agent commonly called Lumpy Skin...